Kenya 
CBDCs in Africa: The eNaira, the eCedi, and the Adoption Problem Nobody Wants to Talk About
Nigeria
Financial Services
Nigeria launched the eNaira in October 2021, becoming the first African country and only the second globally to roll out a retail CBDC. By 2024, less than 0.5 percent of Nigerians had used it. By 2025, eNaira wallets reached approximately 13 million but 98.5 percent had never been used (IMF). Ghana's eCedi remains in pilot. Morocco and Egypt are running a cross-border CBDC experiment. Inside what has and has not worked, and why private stablecoins are winning where CBDCs have failed.
In October 2021, Nigeria became the first African country and only the second country globally (after the Bahamas' Sand Dollar) to officially launch a central bank digital currency. The eNaira was marketed as a financial inclusion breakthrough, a cross-border remittance enabler, and an efficiency upgrade to the existin...
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